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Article History

Received: 29 June 2023

Accepted: 7 March 2024

First Online: 17 April 2024

Declarations

:

: The study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and approved by The University of Newcastle Human Ethics Committee (Ref No. H-2012-0344). All players gave prior consent to the Rugby League Players Association (RLPA) and the QRL to have their deidentified data (injury) used in research endorsed by the QRL Research Committee. This study was approved by the governing institution human ethics committee and endorsed by the QRL Research committee.

: Not applicable.

: Martin Lang and Suzi Edwards, Ph.D. have nothing to disclose.Ross Tucker, Ph.D. is a Sports Scientist consultant for World Rugby.Grant Iverson, Ph.D. has a clinical and consulting practice in forensic neuropsychology, including expert testimony, involving individuals who have sustained mild TBIs (including athletes). He has received research funding from several test publishing companies, including ImPACT Applications, Inc., CNS Vital Signs, and Psychological Assessment Resources (PAR, Inc.). He has received research support from the Harvard Integrated Program to Protect and Improve the Health of NFLPA Members, and grant support from the National Football League. He serves as a scientific advisor for Sway Operations, LLC, Highmark, Inc., and for NanoDX®.Andrew Gardner, Ph.D. has a clinical practice in neuropsychology involving individuals who have sustained sport-related concussion (including current and former athletes). He has been a contracted concussion consultant to Rugby Australia since July 2016. He has received travel funding or been reimbursed by professional sporting bodies, and commercial organisations for discussing or presenting sport-related concussion research at meetings, scientific conferences, workshops, and symposiums. He has previously been a scientific advisor to HitIQ Ltd. Previous grant funding includes the NSW Sporting Injuries Committee, the Brain Foundation (Australia), an Australian-American Fulbright Commission Postdoctoral Award, an NHMRC early research career fellowship, a Hunter New England Local Health District, Research, Innovation and Partnerships Health Research & Translation Centre and Clinical Research Fellowship Scheme, and the Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), supported by Jennie Thomas, and the HMRI, supported by Anne Greaves. He has current salary and research funding through an NHMRC Investigator grant. He has received unrestricted philanthropic support from the National Rugby League (NRL) and the Nick Tooth Foundation.