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Article History

Received: 19 February 2025

Accepted: 2 February 2026

First Online: 23 February 2026

Declarations

:

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: The authors certify they have no affiliations with or financial involvement in any organization or entity with a direct financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in the article.

: The views expressed herein reflect the results of research conducted by the authors and do not reflect and do not necessarily reflect the views, opinions or policies of Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., the Department of War (DoW) or the Departments of the Army, Navy, or Air Force. Mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

: The lead author (MP) is a military Service member or employee of the U.S. Government. This work was prepared as part of this author’s official duties. Title 17, U.S.C., §105 provides that copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the U.S. Government. Title 17, U.S.C., §101 defines a U.S. Government work as a work prepared by a military Service member or employee of the U.S. Government as part of that person’s official duties.