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Authors
Liu, Chengyu
Lu, Wenhao https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6224-2249
Liu, Xu
Yuan, Dongliang
Hong, Zheping
Bi, Qing
Li, Yusheng
Xiao, Wenfeng https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0515-3113
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFB4606705)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82272611)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82472522)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (92268115)
Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province (2023SK2024)
Hunan Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (2024JJ2089)
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (2021LNJJ05)
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (2021KFJJ02)
The Independent Exploration and Innovation Project for Postgraduate Students of Central South University (2026ZZTS0131)
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Article History
Received: 26 March 2025
Accepted: 26 May 2026
First Online: 16 June 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies were eligible, without restriction by country or region, thereby encompassing diverse racial and ethnic groups. Our author team includes senior and junior scholars from Asia. Currently, our team is all male, which reflects the existing composition rather than deliberate exclusion. The study did not examine the impact of race, ethnicity, or socioeconomic status on outcomes.
: Not commissioned, externally peer reviewed.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
