Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Meléndez-Arce, Ronald
Jiménez-Loaiza, Emily
Leiva-Bonilla, Berta
Venegas-Soto, Juan Carlos
Rocha-Palma, Milania
Van Nes, Arie
Stegeman, Arjan
Vernooij, Hans
Romero-Zúñiga, Juan José
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación, Tecnología y Telecomunicaciones (PND-018-15-2)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 20 August 2025
Accepted: 12 February 2026
First Online: 21 February 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the Animal Welfare Committee of the School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional (UNA), Costa Rica. All procedures were conducted in accordance with Costa Rican animal welfare legislation and internationally accepted standards for animal research, including the principles of the 3Rs and the guidelines of the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH).
: Consent from pork producers involved in the project was obtained.
: We consent for publication in PHM, whereas this paper has not been submitted to another journal.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
