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Article History

Received: 31 July 2024

Accepted: 5 February 2025

First Online: 1 April 2025

Declarations

:

: The was approved by the Gulu University Research Ethics Committee (GUREC- 2022 − 338). Additionally, clearance for the research was sought from the Uganda National Council for Science and Technology. Written permission to conduct the study within Otuke District was obtained from the District Health Officer (DHO) in Otuke District. Entry into households was guided by a member of the village health team. Individual participants were approached for permission to take part in the study. They were provided with an informed consent form, and the details of the study were explained to them. Participants were reassured that their involvement was voluntary and without risk. They were informed of their right to decline participation at any point during the study without facing any penalties. To ensure privacy and confidentiality, unique identifiers, rather than participant names, were used to identify data samples.

: All authors have given their full consent for publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.