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Authors
Daniels, Anita Anima
Anaba, Emmanuel Anongeba
Baku, Anita Asiwome Adzo
Akazili, James
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Ghana Business School
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Article History
Received: 14 April 2025
Accepted: 7 January 2026
First Online: 16 January 2026
Declarations
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: The Ghana Health Service Ethics Review Committee approved the protocols for the 2022 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. Informed consent was obtained from all adult participants and for participants aged 15–17 years, informed consent was obtained from their parents or legal guardians. A formal request to use the raw data was made to The DHS Program through their website ( available- datasets.cfm). The study was performed in accordance with relevant regulations and guidelines. Data used in this study were anonymised before use.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
