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Authors
Henry, Musana
Debuo Der, Amanda
Atongo, Faustina AKosua
Oloo, Betty
Brifo, Hannah
Tsekpetse, Prince
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Article History
Received: 28 August 2025
Accepted: 7 February 2026
First Online: 27 March 2026
Declarations
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: The 2022 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2022 was approved by the Institutional Review Boards of the Ghana Health Service and ICF International. The survey was conducted in accordance with internationally accepted ethical principles, including those set out in the Declaration of Helsinki. Participation in the survey was voluntary, and informed consent was obtained from all the respondents. The dataset used for this study was accessed in anonymised and de-identified form with approval from the MEASURE DHS Program. Given that the analyses were based on secondary, de-identified data, additional ethical clearance was not required. Detailed information on the use of DHS data and the ethical standards adhered to can be found at this link: .
: None.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
