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Authors
Smith, Megan
Goulart, Elizabeth
Araujo, David
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Rhode Island College (Committee for Faculty Scholarship - Grant #80001142)
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Article History
Received: 1 November 2025
Accepted: 1 February 2026
First Online: 23 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Rhode Island College Institutional Review Board (protocol #2561). Research was conducted in accordance with the National Association of Social Workers Code of Ethics (https://www.socialworkers.org/About/Ethics/Code-of-Ethics/).
: N/A (no individual person’s identifiable data included).
: As noted in the body of the text, MS is an early-career academic who has done homelessness outreach for almost two decades but who has not herself experienced homelessness, LG is a Master of Social Work student without personal experience with homelessness, and DA has recent personal experience with unsheltered homelessness.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
