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Evaluating educational effectiveness of three-dimensional (3D)-printed training models and custom-made fibula model for osteotomy and flap inset training in head and neck reconstruction

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40902-025-00476-7

Published Online: 2025-08-20

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Gondalia, Dharmik

Parakh, Mohit

Mokhale, Kunal

Kumar, Vineet

Bindu, Ameya

Mantri, Mayur

Mathews, Saumya

Jaiswal, Dushyant

Bhavke, Akshay

Kant Shankhdhar, Vinay
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Tata Memorial Hospital - TMC
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Article History

Received: 1 June 2025

Accepted: 6 August 2025

First Online: 20 August 2025

Declarations

:

: A waiver was taken from Institutional Ethical Committee for this study. All participants were informed about this study, and consent was taken. The study was done in adherence to the Declaration of Helsinki protocol. Data storage was performed inconsistently with good clinical practice guidelines.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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