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Authors
Ackermann, Bryan Calder
Junker, Niklas
Friedrich, Maximilian
Jørstad, Øystein Kalsnes
Moe, Morten C.
Augustin, Victor Aristide
Auffarth, Gerd Uwe
Hammer, Maximilian
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
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Article History
Received: 14 December 2025
Accepted: 12 March 2026
First Online: 20 March 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Bryan Calder Ackermann and Niklas Junker report that they have no competing interests. Maximilian Friedrich is funded by the Clinician Scientist Program of Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine. Øystein Kalsnes Jørstad reports the following: AbbVie (consultant, speaker), Bayer (consultant, speaker), Chiesi Farmaceutici (speaker), Haag-Streit (research support), Horus Pharma (consultant), Roche (consultant, funding), and SJJ Solutions (consultant, royalties, speaker). Morten Carstens Moe reports the following: Bayer (consultant), Roche (consultant, speaker), and SJJ Solutions (consultant, royalties, speaker). Victor Aristide Augustin reports the following: travel grants from Roche and grants from Kowa, outside the submitted work. Gerd Uwe Auffarth reports the following: grants, personal fees, non-financial support and consulting fees from Johnson & Johnson and Alcon, grants, personal fees, and non-financial support from Carl Zeiss Meditec, Hoya, Kowa, Teleon, Rayner, Santen, Sifi, Ursa-pharm, grants and personal fees from Biotech, Oculus, EyeYon, grants from Acufocus, Contamac, Glaukos, Physiol, Rheacell, outside the submitted work. Maximilian Hammer reports the following: a travel grant from Bayer, outside the submitted work. Maximilian Hammer is supported by the Add-On Fellowship of the Joachim Herz Foundation.
