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Article History

Received: 12 February 2024

Accepted: 6 February 2025

First Online: 25 February 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethics review was obtained from the Government of South Sudan #MOH/RERB/aA38/2023 and Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences # 961799 in Bethesda Maryland and conducted in accord with the Declaration of Helsinki []. All participants provided verbal consent. Every effort was made to ensure protection and confidentiality and to reduce any potential adverse consequence to the participants. Participants did not receive any material compensation. Participants were informed that participation or lack thereof would not affect their access to or the quality of the care they receive and were explicitly given the right to refuse participation.

: The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views, assertions, opinions, or policies of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. (HJF), the Department of Defense (DoD), the Departments of the Army, Navy, Air Force, United States Agency for International Development Bureau of Humanitarian Assistance, Corus International and IMA World Health. Mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

: Dr Lawry declares her travel was covered by IMA World Health and Dr Clemmer declares he is an employee of Corus International. All other authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.