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Article History

Received: 3 October 2024

Accepted: 14 May 2025

First Online: 20 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Nablus University for Vocational and Technical Education (Ethical Approval ID: ISC/MID.APRIL.2023/2). Participation in the study was entirely voluntary, and all participating mothers signed an informed consent form before their involvement.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.