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Authors
Khan, Arif Ullah
Sharif, Muhammad Junaid Hassan
Ashfaq, Muhammad
Khan, Qasim
Iqbal, Muhammad Mamoon
Iqbal, Ayesha
Bashatah, Adel
Syed, Wajid
Alqahtani, Naji
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
King Saud University, Ongoing Research Funding Program, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia ((ORF-2025-856), (ORF-2025-856), (ORF-2025-856), (ORF-2025-856), (ORF-2025-856), (ORF-2025-856), (ORF-2025-856), (ORF-2025-856), (ORF-2025-856))
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Article History
Received: 5 December 2024
Accepted: 3 August 2025
First Online: 21 August 2025
Declarations
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: The ethical approval for this study, with reference number M02-09/1123 Phm, was obtained from the ethical committee of the Department of Pharmacy at COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus. Informed consent was obtained from all study participants before data collection. All study procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki guidelines for human research. Participants were informed that the data provided would only be used for research purposes, and that confidentiality would be maintained throughout the study. They were also informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any point in time.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
