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Authors
Zadeh, Sara Ghazi
Rahimi, Hamid Reza
Malek, Melika
Rahimi, Kiana
Mohammadi-Bajgiran, Maryam
Ferns, Gordon A.
Adeli, Khosrow
Assaran-Darban, Reza
GhayourâMobarhan, Majid
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Article History
Received: 18 February 2025
Accepted: 5 September 2025
First Online: 8 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study, identified by protocol number 971176, was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical School at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (IR.MUMS.MEDICAL.REC.1398.498). All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study. Participantsâ privacy and confidentiality were strictly protected; identifying information was anonymized and coded.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
