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Authors
Luo, Xuefeng
He, Yinghao
Jiang, Zheng
Liao, Junyi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
CQMU Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine (W0154)
Cultivating Program and Candidate of Tip-Top Talent of The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (#BJRC2021-04)
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Article History
Received: 24 October 2024
Accepted: 23 September 2025
First Online: 22 October 2025
Declarations
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: Our research is a secondary analysis of public data. Meanwhile, we have also obtained the approval of the ethics exemption from the local ethics committee.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Our research involved a secondary evaluation of the publicly accessible GBD Study, without primary data collection. At the same time, we have also obtained the approval of the ethics exemption from the local ethics committee. The confidentiality of the participants was ensured during data collection, and informed consent was taken from the respondents during the NFHS survey.
