Kihagi, Grace Wothaya https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6926-6696
Mank, Isabel https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1321-1731
Kurniawan, Adi Lukas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-1953
Osei, Tracy Bonsu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5228-4274
Stieglbauer, Gabriele
Mbata, Michael
Muok, Erick M. O. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0636-7917
Sorgho, Raissa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2026-2457
Danquah, Ina https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3498
Funding for this research was provided by:
Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
Article History
Received: 22 June 2025
Accepted: 3 March 2026
First Online: 26 March 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was conducted according to the most recent version of the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki, and all procedures involving research study participants were approved by the Ethics Committee of Heidelberg University (S-91/2019) and the Ethical Committee of Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI/SERU/CGHR/327/3962), including national research permit. Written and informed consent was obtained from all participants, and by a witness in case of illiteracy.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.