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Authors
Hu, Yue
Zhang, Wei
Zhang, Fuyu
Liu, Qiaoyun
Yang, Hao
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Central guiding local technology development projects (2024ZY0152)
Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (2024SHZR1223, 2021JQ09)
Scientifc and Technological Innovative Research Team for Inner Mongolia Medical University of Transformation application of organoid in medical and industrial interdiscipline (YKD2022TD002, YKD2022TD003, YKD2023TD010)
Major Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University (YKD2022ZD002, YKD2022ZD004)
Zhi Yuan Talent Projects of Inner Mongolia Medical University (ZY20241213)
Scientific and Technological Innovative Research Project for Inner Mongolia Universities (NMGIRT2327)
Clinical medical research and clinical new technology promotion projects of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Health Commission (YSXH2024KYF065, YSXH2024KYD68)
Public hospital reform and high-quality development demonstration project research fund, gastrointestinal tumors (2023SGGZ114, 2023SGGZ074, 2023SGGZ076)
Key Laboratoy of Radiation Physics and Biology of Inner Mongolia Medical University (PIKY2023030)
Science and Technology Program of the Joint Fund of Scientific Research for the Public Hospitals of Inner Mongolia Academy of Medical Sciences (2023GLLHO136, 2023GLLH0138, 2023GLLH0142, 2023GLLH0139)
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Article History
Received: 3 July 2025
Accepted: 2 October 2025
First Online: 3 November 2025
Declarations
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: The study received approval from the Ethical Committee of Tianjin University of Science and Technology (grant no. YKD202301119) in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and informed consent was obtained from all participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
