Ruckwongpatr, Kamolthip https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8096-9721
Lee, Yu-Han
Tran, Ngoc Dang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5287-0265
Pham, Le An
Griffiths, Mark D. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8880-6524
Pakpour, Amir H. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8798-5345
Lin, Cheng-Kuan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0446-3606
Huang, Yu-Ting https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3212-3088
Chen, Jung-Sheng https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3187-9479
Lei, Sio-Meng
Lin, Chung-Ying https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2129-4242
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science and Technology Council (NSTC 112-2410-H-006-089-SS2, NSTC112-2321-B-006-008)
Article History
Received: 12 April 2024
Accepted: 6 October 2024
First Online: 18 October 2024
Declarations
:
: The study’s procedures were approved by the Board of Ethics in Biomedical Research in the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City (Number: 1080/UMP-BOARD).
: The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose except MDG. MDG has received research funding from <i>Norsk Tipping</i> (the gambling operator owned by the Norwegian government). MDG has received funding for a number of research projects in the area of gambling education for young people, social responsibility in gambling and gambling treatment from <i>Gamble Aware</i> (formerly the <i>Responsibility in Gambling Trust</i>), a charitable body which funds its research program based on donations from the gambling industry. MDG undertakes consultancy for various gambling companies in the area of player protection and social responsibility in gambling.