Suwattananuruk, Piyapan https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3747-1750
Figenschau, Stine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3714-9998
Moldes-Anaya, Angel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2338-5850
Arshad, Efat Muhammad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1276-0392
Berzaghi, Rodrigo
Kjelsberg Pedersen, Lars
Sundset, Rune https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0072-2076
Rojsitthisak, Pornchai https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1391-6993
Vajragupta, Opa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3313-0621
Kranz, Mathias https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5641-7396
Funding for this research was provided by:
UiT The Arctic University of Norway
Article History
Received: 2 March 2026
Accepted: 15 May 2026
First Online: 21 May 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All animal experiments were approved by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (Mattilsynet; approval ID 30665) and were conducted in accordance with national and international guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals. The use of human glioblastoma tissue samples was approved by the Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics (REK; approval ID 295739). All procedures involving human material were performed in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations.
: This study did not include any identifiable individual person’s data, images, or videos. All human material was analyzed in anonymized form, and no case reports are presented. Therefore, consent to publish from individual participants was not required.