,
Adjei, Kwame K.
Kikuchi, Kimiyo
Owusu-Agyei, Seth
Enuameh, Yeetey
Shibanuma, Akira
Ansah, Evelyn Korkor
Yasuoka, Junko
Poku-Asante, Kwaku
Okawa, Sumiyo
Gyapong, Margaret
Tawiah, Charlotte
Oduro, Abraham Rexford
Sakeah, Evelyn
Sarpong, Doris
Nanishi, Keiko
Asare, Gloria Quansah
Hodgson, Abraham
Jimba, Masamine
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan International Cooperation Agency
Article History
Received: 15 January 2019
Accepted: 26 June 2019
First Online: 5 July 2019
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: Before implementing the study, ethical clearance was obtained from the Ethical Review Committee (ERC) of the research and development division (RDD) of the GHS; the research ethics committee (REC) of the University of Tokyo, Japan; the institutional review board (IRB) of the Dodowa HRC; the institutional ethics committee (IEC) of the Kintampo HRC; and the Institutional Review Board of the Navrongo HRC. Written informed consent was sought from all participating women, who were informed about the study purpose, its risks and benefits, privacy, confidentiality, conflicts of interest, and that participation was voluntary. Women aged below 18 years provided assent and their guardians provided consent. Strict confidentiality was enforced throughout.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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