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Authors
Roberts, Tamalee
Douangnouvong, Anousone
Robinson, Matthew T.
Phommasone, Koukeo
Phaxayaseng, Saykham
Keoluangkhot, Valy
Vongphayloth, Khamsing
Adsamoud, Aphaphone
Rasphone, Othila
Yang, Leeyounjera
Phoumin, Phonelevanh
Simmalavong, Manivone
Christensen, Peter
Hughes, Tom
Temmerath, Adisone
Inthavong, Alex
Inthapanya, Phoummavanh
Punyasith, Sivone
Phommachanh, Phouvong
Theppangna, Wattana
Khounsy, Syseng
Vongphachanh, Susath
Blacksell, Stuart D.
Newton, Paul N.
Mayxay, Mayfong
Ashley, Elizabeth A.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
ESCMID Research Grant 2021
US Department of Defense, Defense Threat Reduction Agency (HDTRA1-08-D-0007)
Wellcome Trust (220211)
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Article History
Received: 23 May 2025
Accepted: 22 July 2025
First Online: 1 August 2025
Declarations
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: HIV patient study ethics was received through the Lao National Ethics Committee for Human Subjects Research NECHR (approval number—2021.7.MP) and OXTREC (approval number—54-20). Stored serum samples were collected as part of the UI study (OXTREC ethics approval 41-20, NECHR 716/REC). Informed written consent was obtained from all patients. An animal ethics approval for this survey was obtained from the National Animal Health Laboratory Institutional Review Board, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Livestock and Fisheries, Lao PDR (approval number 0019/DLF).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
