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Authors
Senarathne, Pavani
Rathnayake, Nipun
Vijeyakumaran, Rydhnieya
Muthusinghe, Devinda
Fonseka, Amanda
Bandara, Videesha
Lokupathirage, Sithumini
Dissanayake, Nilanthi
Gamage, Chandika
Urata, Shuzo
Yoshimatsu, Kumiko
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Research Council, Sri Lanka (20-073)
Heiwa Nakajima Foundation (2023)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (23K05530)
Japan Science and Technology Agency (S2025F0400032)
Japan Science and Technology Agency, Japan (S2022F0600232)
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Article History
Received: 6 November 2025
Accepted: 8 January 2026
First Online: 23 February 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical clearances for this study were obtained from the institutional Ethical Review Committee (ERC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka (2020/EC/55) and also from the Ethical Review Committee of department of health services, Provincial Council of North-Western province of Sri Lanka. Informed consent forms were provided in Sinhala and Tamil depending upon the language of the target population. Written informed consent forms all patients and participants were obtained prior recruitment for the study. Non-written consent was obtained when the participant is unable to read or write, by giving consent by putting his/her thumb impression on the consent form and signed by the interviewer obtaining informed consent and witnessed by another person.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
