Osei, Kennedy Mensah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0840-3512
Adiak, Abraham Awonboro https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0993-7348
Han, Whiejong https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7183-0421
Article History
Received: 9 December 2025
Accepted: 14 February 2026
First Online: 19 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The DHS protocol is approved by the Ethics Committee of ORC Macro Inc. This study used anonymized secondary data from the DHS available in the public domain.
: The authors declare no competing interest.