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Article History

Received: 20 April 2021

Accepted: 18 October 2021

First Online: 11 December 2021

Declarations

:

: The Ethics Committee for the College of Science and Engineering at the University of Glasgow granted ethics approval for this project on 13 October 2017 (Application 300170032).

: Not applicable. No personal data were collected, and all data were collected with complete anonymity.

: Preregistration for the Combined Experiment reported here, along with preregistrations for Parts A and B of it, can be found at the Open Science Foundation’s online repository. The preregistration for the combined experiment reported in this article can be found here, ExternalRef removed. The preregistration for Part A of the combined experiment can be found here, ExternalRef removed. The preregistration for Part B of the combined experiment can be found here, ExternalRef removed. Finally, a summary document that integrates the three preregistrations for all studies, together with the results that bear on each prediction, can be found here, ExternalRef removed.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.