Funding for this research was provided by:
STI2030-Major Projects (2022ZD0205100)
STI2030-Major Projects (2021ZD0203800)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32430043)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32371106)
Interdisciplinary Innovation Team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (JCTD2021-06)
Key Research and Development Program of Guangdong (2023B0303010004)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
Article History
Received: 6 August 2025
Accepted: 3 March 2026
First Online: 22 March 2026
Declarations
:
: Procedures and protocols of this study were approved by the institutional review board of the Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (H23031). All participants signed informed written consent before the experiment.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest regarding this study, authorship, or publication of this article.