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Authors
Wu, Mengqiu
Tian, Hongrui
Guo, Chuanhai
Liu, Zhen
Pan, Yaqi
Liu, Fangfang
Liu, Ying
Yang, Wenlei
Chen, Huanyu
Hu, Zhe
Liu, Mengfei
He, Zhonghu
Ke, Yang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFC2500405)
Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7222243)
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Article History
Received: 14 January 2025
Accepted: 14 May 2025
First Online: 10 July 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Peking University School of Oncology (Approval Nos.: 2011101110 and 2021 KT127). All participants provided written informed consent before inclusion. To ensure privacy, sensitive personal identifiers (e.g., names, personal ID, addresses) were anonymized after linking the NRCMS and death registry data. Original identifiers were replaced with non-traceable unique codes. These measures adhered to institutional ethical guidelines while preserving data utility for research purposes.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
