Document is current

Article History

Received: 9 May 2025

Accepted: 11 August 2025

First Online: 23 September 2025

Declarations

:

: This article is based on previously conducted studies and does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

: All named authors meet the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) criteria for authorship for this manuscript, take responsibility for the integrity of the work, and have given final approval to the version to be published.

: IF is an advisory board member and consultant for Thea, Vyluma, Coopervision, Johnson & Johnson, EssilorLuxottica, Myoptechs; and is a shareholder of Ocumetra. LO serves on the advisory board for Zeiss and receives research support from Meta and Topcon. HK serves on the scientific advisory boards for Roche, Santen, Apellis and HOYA. HK has been a consultant for ZEISS, Apellis, HOYA, Roche, Lumithera, Santen, Optos, Johnson & Johnson, OmniVision, Haag-Streit. MR is the Editor-in-Chief of Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, serves on a scientific advisory board for Zeiss, has received research grants from Essilor Luxottica and Alcon and is a consultant for Essilor Luxottica. KT reports his position as CEO of Tsubota Laboratory, Inc., Tokyo, Japan, a company developing products for dry eye and myopia, and he is an investor in Cellusion, RestoreVision and Tsubota Laboratory. OP is an employee of EssilorLuxottica, Global Head of Medical and Professional Affairs, and the Board Chair of Global Myopia Awareness Coalition. All other authors declare no competing interests.