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Authors
Liébana, María
Toledo, Diana https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0794-9238
Soldevila, Núria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1353-5325
Morales-Suarez-Varela, María https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0785-1492
Prados-Sánchez, Concepción
Fernandez-Sierra, Amelia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4823-7894
Navarro, Gemma
Martín, Vicente https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0552-2804
Chamorro, Judith https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-0885
Egurrola, Mikel
Rodriguez-Suárez, Marta
Domínguez, Angela https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0219-1907
,
Liébana, María
Toledo, Diana
Soldevila, Núria
Morales-Suarez-Varela, María
Prados-Sánchez, Concepción
Fernandez-Sierra, Amelia
Navarro, Gemma
Martín, Vicente
Chamorro, Judith
Egurrola, Mikel
Rodriguez-Suárez, Marta
Domínguez, Angela
Morillo, Aurea
Valencia, Raquel
Rodríguez, Mª Mar
Marín, José Antonio
Rubiera, Gerardo
Fernández-Villa, Tania
López-Muñiz, Graciela
Fernández-Martínez-de-Septien, Carmen
Fernández, Silvia
Grau, María
Torner, Núria
Vilaplana, Carles
Forcadell, Lluís
Rius, Cristina
Vilella, Anna
Simó-Nebot, Silvia
Amo, Eva del
Campins, Magda
Martínez, Xavier
Angel Rodrigo, José
Martínez, Judith
Boixeda, Ramon
Jaumandreu, Julia
Astray, Jenaro
Mangas-Moro, Alberto
Galán, Juan Carlos
McGee-Laso, Amaranta
Moreno-Galarraga, Laura
Díaz-Sánchez, Nerea
Fernandez-Rodriguez, Idaira
Llonch, Cristina
Casado, Itziar
Baigorria-Feltrin, Fernando
Gasque, Alba
Marquínez-Noriega, Sara
García, Patricia
Peraita-Costa, Isabel
Sanz, Francisco
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI19/00354)
Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (2021 SGR 00702)
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Article History
Received: 5 November 2025
Accepted: 1 April 2026
First Online: 5 June 2026
Declarations
:
: The study was conducted in accordance with ethical principles and in compliance with the ethical requirements outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki by the World Medical Association (Fortaleza, Brazil, October 2013 revision). The study was approved by the Ethics Committees of the participating hospitals (H Virgen del Rocío, HU Virgen de las Nieves, H Cabueñes, HU Central de Asturias, HU Río Hortega de Valladolid, Complejo Asistencial de Burgos, Complejo Asistencial de León, H Clínic, H Vall d’Hebrón, H de Mataró, H Parc Taulí, H La Paz, H Ramon y Cajal, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, H de Galdakao and HU General de Valencia). As part of the research project protocol, all participants (cases and controls) received detailed information on the study objectives and the nature of their participation, and voluntarily agreed to their inclusion by providing their informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
