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Article History

Received: 3 March 2021

Accepted: 4 October 2021

First Online: 3 November 2021

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval was obtained from an Institutional Review Board (IRB), Copernicus Group Independent Review Board (CGIRB; IRB ref: ADE1-18–049), prior to any study related activities in the US, and from Salus IRB (IRB ref: Novartis CUNR844A2001) prior to any study related activities in Germany. In line with ethical requirements for research in France at the time of the research, a letter was submitted to the Conseil National de l'Ordre des Médecins (CNOM) to notify them of the study procedures and payments to recruiting health professionals. Written and verbal informed consent was obtained from every participant before each interview was conducted and before any other study activities.

: Not applicable.

: Sarah Bentley, Amy Findley, and Rob Arbuckle are employed by Adelphi Values Patient-Centered Outcomes, which received funding from Novartis Pharma AG to complete this work. Francesco and Sima own shares in Novartis Pharma AG. Chloe Johnson was employed by Adelphi Values Patient-Centered Outcomes at the time of the study. Sima Chiva-Razavi, Christel Naujoks, and Francesco Patalano are employed by Novartis Pharma AG. Professor James S. Wolffsohn (Aston University) has been engaged with Novartis Pharma AG on other projects and has received honoraria for speaker events, ad boards and other related activities.