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Article History

Received: 15 April 2021

Accepted: 17 November 2021

First Online: 18 December 2021

Declarations

:

: This research was approved by the Sutter Health Institutional Review Board (SHIRB). Consent from participants was received prior to their participation in the research. A waiver of HIPAA authorization was obtained for recruitment purposes.

: Not applicable.

: The Migraine Signature Study was funded by a research grant to Sutter Health and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine from Amgen. Walter F. Stewart has served as a consultant to Promius/Dr. Reddy and Allergan. Dawn C. Buse has served as a consultant to Amgen/Novartis, Allergan, Biohaven, Eli Lilly, Promius/Dr. Reddy’s, and Teva Pharmaceuticals. She is on the editorial board of Current Pain and Headache Reports. Richard B. Lipton serves on the editorial board of <i>Neurology</i>, as senior advisor to <i>Headache</i>, and as associate editor of <i>Cephalalgia</i>; he holds stock options in Biohaven Holdings and CtrlM Health. He receives research support from the NIH and FDA. He serves as consultant, advisory board member, has received honoraria from or research support from: Abbvie (Allergan), Amgen, Biohaven, Dr. Reddy’s (Promius), Electrocore, Eli Lilly, eNeura, Equinox, GlaxoSmithKline, Grifols, Lundbeck (Alder), Merck, Pernix, and Teva. He receives royalties from Wolff’s Headache 7th and 8th Edition, Oxford University Press, 2009, Wiley and Informa. Xiaowei Yan has no conflict of interest to claim. Alice Pressman has no conflict of interest to claim. Alice Jacobson has no conflict of interest to claim. Shruti Vaidya has no conflict of interest to claim. Victoria Chia is an employee of, and shareholder in, Amgen Inc.