Findley, Amy https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9887-6956
Sloesen, Brigitte J. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5144-6678
Hodson, Nicola https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5975-8032
Leventi, Agkreta https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6387-5874
Pascoe, Ben https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4454-1087
Arbuckle, Rob https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0345-2523
O’Brien, Paul
Naujoks, Christel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3799-6521
Montecchi-Palmer, Michela
Plaza, Diana
Karpecki, Paul M.
Hamrah, Pedram
Funding for this research was provided by:
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation (Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation)
Article History
Received: 7 March 2024
Accepted: 2 March 2025
First Online: 12 March 2025
Declarations
:
: Ethical approval and oversight were provided by Alpha Independent Review Board (Alpha IRB), a centralized IRB. All participants provided oral and written informed consent prior to the conduct of any research activities. The research was performed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964, and its later amendments.
: Not applicable.
: Brigitte Sloesen, Diana Plaza and Christel Naujoks are employees of Novartis AG. Paul O’Brien and Michela Montecchi-Palmer were employees of Novartis AG at the time of performing the research. Nicola Hodson, Ben Pascoe and Rob Arbuckle are employees of Adelphi Values, a health outcomes agency commissioned by Novartis AG to conduct this research. Amy Findley and Agkreta Leventi were employees of Adelphi Values at the time the work was performed. Dr Pedram Hamrah is an employee of the Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, US. Dr Paul Karpecki is an employee of Kentucky Eye Institute and the University of Pikeville Kentucky College of Optometry, Kentucky, US. The authors declare that there are no competing interests.