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Article History

Received: 25 August 2024

Accepted: 31 May 2025

First Online: 7 July 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval and oversight were obtained from Western Copernicus Group Independent Review Board (WCG IRB; IRB tracking numbers: 45145622, 20222536). The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki 1964 and its later amendments and in line with guidelines related to Good Clinical Practice. All data resulting from the study were handled in accordance Health Insurance Portability and Accountability (HIPAA) legislation and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) for the security and privacy of health data.

: All participants provided informed consent indicating their data will be used for medical research purposes and the study results may be published.

: Pietro Lampertico is a paid speaker and/or advisor for Roche Pharma/Diagnostics, Gilead Sciences,GSK, AbbVie, Janssen, MYR, Eiger, Antios, Aligos, VIR, Grifols, Altona, and Roboscreen. Aishwarya Chohan and Rowena Jones are employees of Adelphi Values Ltd, a health outcomes agency, who were paid by the study sponsor (Gilead Sciences Inc.) to conduct the research described in this manuscript and to write this manuscript. Hannah Elwick was an employee of Adelphi Values Ltd at the time of research and is now employed by the University of Nottingham. Nicola Williamson was an employee of Adelphi Values Ltd at the time of research and is now employed by UCB. Caroline Burk and Marvin Rock are employees of Gilead Sciences Inc, the study sponsor. Alon Yehoshua was an employee of Gilead Sciences Inc at the time of research. Robert Gish is a paid consultant and/or advisor toAbbott, AbbVie, Altimunne, Antios, Arrowhead, Dynavax, Eiger, Eisai, Enyo, Genentech, Genlantis, Gerson Lehrman Group, Gilead Sciences, Helios, HepaTX, HepQuant, Intercept, Janssen, Merck, Pfizer, Topography Health, Venatorx and Prodigy, holds grants from Gilead, and holds stock options in Eiger, Genlantis, HepQuant AngioCrine, HepaTx. Nancy Reau is a paid consultant for Gilead, VIR,AbbVie, Abbott, and Salix and holds grants with Eiger, AbbVie, Gilead, and Salix. Heiner Wedemeyer is a paid consultant and/or speaker for Aligos, Altimmune, Biotest, BMS, BTG, Dicerna, Enanta, Gilead,Janssen, Merck/MSD, Roche and VIR, holds grants from Biotest, Gilead, Merck/MSD, Roche and isinvolved in clinical trials for Altimmune, BMS, Gilead, Janssen, Merck/MSD, Novartis and VIR. Maria Buti is a paid consultant for Gilead.