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Article History

Received: 6 February 2025

Accepted: 19 August 2025

First Online: 14 October 2025

Declarations

:

: No ethics approval or consent to participate were required for this study (secondary analysis of anonymized clinical trial data).

: Not applicable (secondary analysis of anonymized clinical trial data).

: SK reports honoraria from Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, Novartis, Molecular Partners, Oncopeptides, Pfizer, Sanofi, Stemline Therapeutics, and Takeda; and participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board for Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, Oncopeptides, Pfizer, Sanofi, and Takeda. HE reports consulting fees and honoraria from Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, and Takeda; participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board from Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, and Takeda; and support for attending meetings from Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, and Sanofi. KR reports honoraria from Adaptive Biotechnologies, AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Oncopeptides, Pfizer, Recordati, Stemline Therapeutics, and Takeda; participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board for Adaptive Biotechnologies, AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Oncopeptides, Pfizer, Recordati, Stemline Therapeutics, and Takeda; support for attending meetings from Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Recordati, and Takeda; and institution grant funding from Bristol Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, and Sanofi. DD, TS, LE, DB, and ADD are employees of Bristol Myers Squibb. DM, CC, JMHC, SC, and KT are employees of Precision AQ, a consulting firm that received funding from Bristol Myers Squibb for this study.