Lindner, Tobias
Luyken, Adrian Konstantin
Lappe, Chris
Stachs, Oliver
Niendorf, Thoralf
Lütgens, Matthias
Polei, Stefan
Vollmar, Brigitte
Buettner, Andreas
Langner, Sönke
Weber, Marc-André
Beller, Ebba https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5268-151X
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (517901233, 517901233, 517901233)
Article History
Received: 20 December 2024
Accepted: 8 June 2025
First Online: 9 July 2025
Declarations
:
: Enucleated porcine eyes were obtained from the Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN, Dummerstorf, Germany) with its own certified slaughterhouse. As an approved EU and QS slaughterhouse and member of the “animal welfare” program, all common farm animals are treated in accordance with the respective animal welfare standards.
: For this study, no specific animal testing approval was necessary because the examinations in this project are not an animal experiment within the meaning of Section 7 (2) of the Animal Welfare Act. This was confirmed by the Landesamt für Landwirtschaft, Lebensmittelsicherheit und Fischerei Mecklenburg-Vorpommern in statement 7221.3-18057_25_1.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.