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Article History

Received: 6 April 2026

Accepted: 8 June 2026

First Online: 1 September 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee, and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Swedish Ethics Committee, dnr 2025-00354-01. Informed written consent to participate was retrieved and signed for study participants, or their legal guardian when applicable, in the prospective cohort. For the retrospective cohort, in accordance with the decision from the ethics committee, consent to include was waived by the Ethics Committee and subsequently no written consent was obtained for these patients.

Consent for publication: Written informed consent for publication of study results and imaging data was obtained from participants in the prospective cohort, or their legal guardians when applicable. All patient images presented in this paper originate from the prospective cohort. For the retrospective cohort, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee, and no written consent was obtained.

Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.