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Article History

Received: 16 August 2018

Accepted: 3 January 2019

First Online: 31 January 2019

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: The clinical trial included in this post hoc biomarker analysis was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki [CitationRef removed, CitationRef removed]. The studies were approved by the relevant institutional ethical committees or review bodies at Stanford University Panel on Human subjects in Medical research or Brigham and Women’s hospital and were conducted in accordance with good clinical practice and the Astra Zeneca Policy on Bioethics.

: All authors approved the manuscript. No personal or patient specific data were available for the researcher of current work, neither are any person sensitive data reported in the manuscript.

: ACBJ, MAK, IB and KM are full time employees and shareholders in Nordic Bioscience, a privately-owned biotech company focused on the development of biomarkers for inflammatory diseases. AP and MAJ are full time employees and shareholders of Astra Zeneca. MEW and MCG have nothing to declare for the context of current manuscript.

: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.