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Article History

Received: 19 January 2024

Accepted: 4 June 2025

First Online: 11 July 2025

Declarations

:

: The current study (secondary data analysis) did not require ethical approval. However, individual registries were was approved by the respective national Research Ethical Committees and Data Protection Agencies according to legal regulatory requirements in individual countries, and were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

: All authors have approved the final manuscript and consent to publication.

: GTJ: Research grants (paid to employer) from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Amgen, GSK; and speaker fee from Janssen. BM: Research grant (paid to employer) from Novartis. BGl: Research grants from Pfizer, AbbVie, BMS. IvdHB: Research grants from AbbVie, Pfizer, MSD and UCB, and honoraria/speakers fee from Novartis, BMS, Lilly, AbbVie, MSD, Pfizer and UCB. BGu: Speaker and consultancy fees from Amgen and Novartis. HR: Consulting and/or speaking fees from AbbVie, Celgene, Pfizer, UCB, and Viatris. PI: Research grant from Pfizer, speaker and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Pfizer, Roche and Vifor Pharma. JZ: Speaker and consulting fees from AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Sandoz, Novartis, Egis, UCB. KP: Speaker and consulting fees from Pfizer, MSD, BMS, UCB, Amgen, Egis, Roche, AbbVie. ZR: Speaker and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Novartis, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Lek-Sandoz, Biogen, MSD, Medis, Janssen. MT: Speaker and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Lek-Sandoz, Medis, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer. MJN: Speaker and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Novartis, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, and Janssen. AC: Speaker and/or consultancy fees from AbbVie, MSD, and Novartis. CC: Speaker and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Ewopharma, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer. JKW: Consultant of AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Novartis; and Research support from AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer. SHR: Research grant from Novartis. LMØ: Research grant from Novartis. MJS: Speaker fees from AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis and Pfizer. MØ: Research grants from AbbVie, BMS, Merck and Novartis, and speaker and/or consultancy fees from AbbVie, BMS, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Celgene, Eli-Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, Hospira, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Novo, Orion, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi and UCB. MLH: Research grants from AbbVie, Biogen, BMS, Celltrion, Eli Lilly, Janssen Biologics B.V, Lundbeck Fonden, MSD, Medac, Pfizer, Roche, Samsung Biopies, Sandoz, Novartis. GJM: Research grants (paid to employer) from AbbVie, Pfizer, UCB, Amgen, GSK. Authors not listed above have no conflict of interest to declare.

: In Denmark (DANBIO) ethical approval not required for registry studies [komitelovens § 14, stk. 2, ], and in Iceland (ICEBIO) it is possible to receive selected pre-defined data from registers for use in epidemiological studies with prior approval from the National Bioethics Committee and Data Protective Authorities without informed consent from the individual patient. In these cases, no personal identifiers are delivered to the researchers. For all other countries, informed consent to participate was obtained from all of the participants, prior to inclusion in the individual registries.