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Authors
Sipley, Melissa
Zafar, Saania N.
Ester, Manuel
Hazlewood, Glen
Dhiman, Kiran
Charlton, Alexandra
Then, Karen L.
Dempsey, Erika
Lester, Richard
Hoens, Alison M.
Lacaille, Diane
Sloss, Sarah
Barnabe, Cheryl
Mosher, Dianne
Barber, Claire E. H.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Canadian Institues of Health research (STAR-19-0611)
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Article History
Received: 22 October 2024
Accepted: 9 September 2025
First Online: 14 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Human Ethics Conjoint Health Research Ethics Board at the University of Calgary (ethics certificate REB20-0422). All participants provided written consent to participate in the study and research was conducted according to the ethical principles for medical research involving human participants (Declaration of Helsinki).
: Not applicable.
: This study used a technology platform (WelTel/SMS) that was developed by a non-profit organisation and a private company. A co-investigator, RTL, has financial and professional interests in both organisations. RTL reports competing interests from his involvement in the WelTel International mHealth Society and WelTel Inc, grants from National Institutes of Health (NIH), Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), BC Lung Association, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control Foundation, and Grand Challenges Canada, and non-financial support from WHO and Task Force on Digital Health for TB Control, outside the submitted work. DL holds the Mary Pack Chair in Rheumatology Research from the University of British Columbia and the Arthritis Society of Canada. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests.
