Document is current

Article History

Received: 3 April 2025

Accepted: 10 August 2025

First Online: 26 August 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee of Yenepoya Dental College (Approval No. YEC-2/311) and was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to the commencement of data collection.All participants were informed about the purpose and procedures of the study and provided written informed consent prior to inclusion. Participation was entirely voluntary, and participants were assured of confidentiality and the right to withdraw from the study at any point without any consequences.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.