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Authors
Moyaho-Bernal, María de los Angeles
Pérez-Castro, Berenice
Argueta-Figueroa, Liliana
Gil-Chavarría, Ivet
Juárez-Luna, Gladis
Teutle-Coyotecatl, Bernardo
Jiménez-Flores, Rosario
Pedraza-Espejel, María del Rocío Alejandra
Serrano-Piña, Rodrigo
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Article History
Received: 17 August 2025
Accepted: 24 December 2025
First Online: 14 February 2026
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in conformity with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Stomatology (No. CIFE 2020139/from 16 June 2020). This is a non-experimental study. All data was obtained from the dental models from different pediatric dentistry clinics of the university. Informed consent was obtained from the parents of each pediatric subject before taking the dental model, under consent for clinical and research purposes.
: The use of anonymized secondary data was approved by the institutional ethics committee, and consent for publication was not required.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
