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Authors
Emmanuel, Nachamada Solomon
Musah, Ibrahim
Yusuf, Lawal
Mustapha, Rukayya Bello
Moyinoluwa, Lydia Oluwafemi
Abdulrahman, Yasin Enesi
Anuh, Halimat Iniikpi
Usman, Yusuf
Yaduma, Wandiahyel Gaiuson
Eze, Ejike Daniel
Olubiyi, Makinde Vincent
Onaadepo, Olufunke
Muhammad, Abdulmalik
Emmanuel, Anami Solomon
Malgwi, Ibrahim Samaila
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Article History
Received: 15 August 2025
Accepted: 29 November 2025
First Online: 17 December 2025
Declarations
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: The experimental procedures adhered rigorously to established international, national, and institutional guidelines about animal welfare. This research endeavour received ethical approval from the Ahmadu Bello University Committee for the Ethical Use of Animals with approval number: ABUCAUC/2023/004.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
