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Disability and quality of life in traumatic brain injury in Indonesia a prospective analysis of GCS scores, clinical and social factors in a 5-year cohort study

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41984-025-00489-4

Published Online: 2025-11-10

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Sugianto, Rita Trisnawati

Faried, Ahmad

Sutiono, Agung Budi
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-11-10

Version of Record valid from 2025-11-10
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Article History

Received: 2 June 2025

Accepted: 8 October 2025

First Online: 10 November 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was reviewed and approved by Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. All participants, or their legal guardians who experienced impaired decision-making, provided written informed consent prior to enrollment. Confidentiality, anonymity, and the right to withdraw from the study at any time were strictly maintained throughout the study. This study was reviewed and approved by Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.

: All participants and/or their legal representatives provided written informed consent for publication of anonymized data derived from this study.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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