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Article History

Received: 19 September 2024

Accepted: 11 November 2024

First Online: 9 December 2024

Declarations

:

: The University of Manitoba Animal Ethics Committee (Protocol Number: 20–064) granted approval for experiments conducted on mice in accordance with Canadian guidelines for animal research.

: Not applicable.

: CNB is supported by the Bingham Chair in Gastroenterology. CNB has served on advisory Boards for AbbVie Canada, Amgen Canada, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, Eli Lilly Canada, Ferring Canada, Fresenius-Kabi Canada, Celltrion, JAMP Pharmaceuticals, Janssen Canada, Pendopharm Canada, Sandoz Canada, Takeda Canada, and Pfizer Canada; Educational grants from Abbvie Canada, Boston Scientific, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, Fresenius-Kabi Canada, Ferring Canada, Organon Canada, Pfizer Canada, Takeda Canada, and Janssen Canada. Speaker’s panel for Abbvie Canada, Eli Lilly, Janssen Canada, Pfizer Canada, and Takeda Canada. Received research funding from Abbvie Canada, Takeda Canada, and Pfizer Canada. JEG has served as a member of the scientific medical advisory committee for Crohn’s and Colitis Canada and as a member and chair of the research advisory committee for Research Manitoba.The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.

: JEG has served as a member of the scientific medical advisory committee for Crohn’s and Colitis Canada and as a member and chair of the research advisory committee for Research Manitoba.

: The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.