Ning, Yanzhe
Sun, Jigao
Zhou, Jiayan
Wang, Yihao
Shang, Zucheng
Li, Mengfan
Li, Hongzheng
Sun, Ya Xuan
Wu, Ying
Assimes, Themistocles L.
Zhang, Hui
Chen, Guang
Article History
Received: 12 November 2025
Accepted: 22 January 2026
First Online: 14 April 2026
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: This study used the data from UK Biobank that has obtained the ethical approval from the North West Multi-center Research Ethics Committee (MREC) as a Research Tissue Bank (RTB) (No. 21/NW/0157). This approval allows researchers operate under the RTB without separate ethical clearance. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
: The authors declare no competing interests.