Boussetta, Oumayma
Khibech, Oussama
Essadek, Abdessadek https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-1803
Jodeh, Shehdeh
Yahyaoui, Meryem Idrissi
Asehraou, Abdeslam
Lai, Chin-Hung
Ramdani, Mohammed
Article History
Received: 11 March 2026
Accepted: 5 July 2026
First Online: 18 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. This study did not involve human participants, human data, or vertebrate animals; it used plant material obtained from commercial cultivation and microbial strains for in vitro assays only.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.