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Authors
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Center for Medicinal Cannabis Research at University of California, San Diego (State of California award no. 6440-520-3314)
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Article History
Received: 21 April 2026
Accepted: 16 July 2026
First Online: 1 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The analysis of de-identified, publicly available data was determined to be exempt from UCSD IRB review.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: JC is a compensated member of the Board of Directors of CV Sciences, Inc., a manufacturer of hemp-derived CBD products. CV Sciences, Inc. had no role in, and no knowledge of, any aspect of this study, including its design and conduct, data analysis, manuscript preparation, or the decision to publish.
