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Authors
MacDonald, Grace M.
Lisano, Jonathon K.
Savage, Tylor
Ortiz Torres, Marco
Giordano, Gregory
Mackie, Duncan I.
Bidwell, L. Cinnamon
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Duncan I. Mackie (ICR-FY22 & ICR-FY23)
L. Cinnamon Bidwell (ICR-FY22 & ICR-FY23)
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Article History
Received: 2 April 2026
Accepted: 14 August 2026
First Online: 28 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: TMS and DIM were employees of MedPharm Holdings LLC (dba Bud & Mary’s) during the study period. DIM is a Schedule I U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) license holder and MedPharm Holdings is a State of Colorado licensed cannabis research company and a bulk manufacturer of cannabis products for the Colorado adult-use marketplace. MedPharm Holdings has no stake in any products tested in studies reviewed by this manuscript. DIM is an Editor for Journal of Cannabis Research. DIM was not involved in the journal’s review of, or decisions related to this manuscript.
