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Authors
Reifart, Joerg
Iaizzo, Paul
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Article History
Received: 16 April 2025
Accepted: 29 July 2025
First Online: 21 August 2025
Declarations
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: This work did not require formal ethics approval as it involved the use of surplus pig hearts obtained post-mortem from unrelated, institutionally approved large animal research at the University of Minnesota. These tissues were not collected through procedures performed specifically for this project and were otherwise designated for disposal. According to the University of Minnesota IACUC policy, the use of animal tissues obtained after death and not euthanized for the purpose of a given study does not require IACUC review ().
: The authors have no potential conflicts of interest regarding this publication.
