Li, Jiacheng
Li, Tong
Zhang, Runzi
Wan, Zilong
Yang, Zhen
Funding for this research was provided by:
Central Guidance for Local Scientific and Technological Development Fund (2024ZY0124)
CCF-NSFOCUS ’Kunpeng’ Research Fund (2024014)
Beijing University of Technology Education and Teaching Research Project (ER2024KCA01)
the open project of IoT Standards and Application Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (202407)
Article History
Received: 6 August 2025
Accepted: 8 April 2026
First Online: 26 May 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.