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Article History

Received: 7 April 2025

Accepted: 15 December 2025

First Online: 10 February 2026

Declarations

:

: We, the undersigned authors, hereby declare that the manuscript complies with the following ethical standards:1 The content is the authors’ original work and has not been previously published elsewhere.2 The manuscript is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.3 The study reflects the authors’ own research and analysis truthfully and completely.4 The contributions of all co-authors and collaborators have been appropriately acknowledged.5 The results are clearly placed within the context of previous and current research.6 All sources are properly cited. Direct quotations are clearly marked and referenced.7 Each author has made a significant contribution to the manuscript and accepts full responsibility for its content.We affirm that this submission adheres to the policies and ethical standards of the *Fire Ecology Journal*.

: The authors declare no competing interests.